The NAT 2023 assessed over 4,300 Grade 4 and Grade 8 students from 277 schools in Sindh, representing 19% of the total national sample. On average, students performed best in Grade 4 Urdu/Sindhi (69%) and poorest in Grade 8 Maths (41%) and Science (49%). Girls consistently outperformed boys except in Maths. Rural Grade 8 students did better than urban peers while the opposite was seen at Grade 4. When compared to NAT 2019, Grade 4 English scores declined slightly while Grade 8 Maths improved. Almost 20% of Grade 8 students scored 25% or less in Maths, indicating a lack of basic skills.